Experienced farmers can, at a glance at a domestic chicken litter, determine their health status. Diarrhea in laying hens should not be ignored, as various stool disorders can indicate serious poultry diseases that require immediate treatment.
Causes of occurrence
Diarrhea in laying hens, accompanied by frequent bowel movements and a watery consistency of stool, occurs due to various factors. Before starting to treat a chicken, it is necessary to establish the root cause of its intestinal disorder. Veterinarians identify several key factors that can cause intestinal upset in poultry.
Parasite infection
Viscous droppings with impurities of mucus and blood, orange streaks can talk about a disease such as coccidiosis. Some types of coccidia massively affect the body of chickens, in connection with which they literally begin bloody diarrhea. This disease is treated with the help of Amprolium, Salinomycin.
In addition to coccidia, poultry can become infected with intestinal helminths, which again causes diarrhea. Worms and their eggs can be found by the owners of the chicken in her litter. Bird should be treated with Albendazole, Fenasal or Nilverm.
Yellow liquid droppings may indicate infection of laying hens with nematodes (roundworms).
Unbalanced diet
Incorrect combination of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in poultry feed can cause intestinal upset. For example, excessive intake of protein foods is accompanied by a large release of lactic acid, which forms a white coating on the feces of laying hens.
Such a phenomenon as liquid, dark and clammy stools in domestic chicken can be caused by excessive consumption of fatty foods. A large amount of carbohydrates in chicken food can be accompanied by the release of feces with impurities of gas and a strong unpleasant odor.
In the event that the laying hens roam freely around the yard, they can overeat grass, which causes watery droppings and increased gas formation.
Relocation
When transported over long distances, young chickens can experience stress, and therefore they often begin to have an intestinal upset. The stool returns to normal when the poultry settles in a new place, so treatment is not required.
Poisoning with chemicals, poison or pesticides
Various poisonous components can enter the body of the hen both with food and in the case when the chicken freely walks around the yard and has access to a garden or vegetable garden, where it accidentally eats vegetation treated from insects.
Low grade feed
Cheap feed often contains gravel or mycotoxins, which cause intestinal upset in poultry, accompanied by green or brown-brown frothy stools. Replacing such food with a better one will quickly fix the situation.
If for some reason feeding only expensive and high-quality food is impossible, then you need to dilute a good feed with a lower grade so that it is more.
In addition, the digestion of the chicken is normal if you give it adsorbents, for example, clay water, zeolites. These substances are added in the amount of 10 grams per 10 kilograms of feed. If the laying hen is poisoned badly by poor-quality food, then it needs to be given a 0.2 percent solution of potassium permanganate. You may need antibiotic treatment.
Low quality water
The water that poultry drinks should be clean, preferably running. You can purchase special devices for this. Old musty liquid poured into dirty drinking bowls can cause diarrhea in chickens.
A sharp and frequent change in diet
Diarrhea in chicken can be observed against the background of a change in feed. For example, if she is used to compound feed, and then it is abruptly changed to granules or a mash, then her droppings often become liquid. In addition, laying hens may even refuse food unknown to them. It is necessary to replace one type of feed with another, gradually, first in small quantities, mixing it with the old.
Poor conditions
Diarrhea in chickens can develop if their conditions are not acceptable. Those hens whose houses are not being cleaned, where the litter does not change, are very often prone to diarrhea. In this regard, cleaning should be carried out regularly.
Hypothermia
Cold and unheated rooms for laying hens are not suitable, as even slight temperature drops can cause diarrhea in poultry. The chair does not change color, but it becomes very fluid. Treatment in this situation is not applied, but the house or chicken coop needs to be insulated.
Colds
Most viral diseases that a laying hen can get are accompanied by an upset bowel. In this case, it is important to eliminate the causes of the disease themselves, and the stool will normalize on its own.
Infectious diseases
Stool disorder in chickens often occurs against a background of infectious diseases, which include the following:
- Gumboro's disease. The stool in a poultry becomes a yellow-white hue. Diagnose an ailment, usually at autopsy.
- Colibacillosis. This disease most often affects individuals younger than 60 days. It is characterized by exhaustion, damage to the eyes, respiratory system.
- Newcastle disease. The stool in a poultry becomes liquid, acquires a brown color, impurities of mucus are observed.
- Salmonellosis. Feces of a whitish hue with a lot of mucus.
- Clostridiosis. The chair has an unpleasant odor, a dark color, with gaseous vesicles.
- Pasteurellosis. The stool is green in color, with impurities of blood and viscous mucus.
Also, the cause of intestinal upset in chickens and laying hens may be taking any medications, such as antibiotics. In addition, poultry often suffer from intestinal upset after eating certain plants, such as buttercups, milkweed, dope, due to frequent stresses and metabolic disturbances.
Signs
Diarrhea is characterized by frequent and loose stools, in which you can see blood clots and mucus, the remnants of undigested food, various types of dissemination. Other signs may also be observed:
- lethargy and drowsiness;
- stained feathers in the cloaca area;
- a large amount of litter in a liquid state in the chicken coop;
- rapid weight loss;
- problems with the work of the digestive tract;
- lack of appetite;
- intense thirst;
- impurities of mucus in the litter.
In laying hens, on the surface of the egg shell, remnants of sticky droppings of a dark shade are observed, often with traces of blood. A bird suffering from diarrhea becomes shy, inactive, feathers begin to drop out, and the number of laid eggs decreases.
Talk about the presence of intestinal upset in chicken can litter condition in the room where it is contained. If it is raw, then the bird is most likely to suffer from diarrhea. In laying hens experiencing such problems, eggs will always be dirty.
Types of Diarrhea in Layers
In order to determine if domestic chicken suffers from diarrhea, you need to know what a healthy stool should look like. Normal chicken droppings are of two types:
- Intestinal. It has the form of granules, brownish color. It is easy to remove from the litter in the chicken coop. Such a chair is covered with whitish deposits. These are uric acid salts secreted by a bird from cloaca along with urine and droppings. If the litter of this species is not in the form of granules, then the chickens are cold, or they begin to hurt.
- Tsekalny (night). This type of litter is observed in chickens once a day. It has a liquid consistency and dark brown color. If it brightens, then the chicken does not have optimal digestion, which leads to fermentation and increased gas formation.
Other types of stool, changes in its color, the presence of gas bubbles, impurities of blood and mucus indicate intestinal disorders in laying hens.
Yellow, brown and brown stools
Stools of such shades often indicate that the bird is infected with viruses or infections. Also, yellow diarrhea may indicate that the bird suffers from Gumboro disease. If she does not eat and drinks a lot, then most likely she has a respiratory illness.
When the yellow diarrhea in a chicken is short-term, it can be observed due to a change in the usual food, due to stress or feeding poor quality food.
Violations of the digestive tract of the bird are often accompanied by brown or even black diarrhea. Diarrhea with significant impurities of blood is observed with infectious ailments, for example, coccidiosis, or trauma to the cloaca.
Green chair
Litter of this color often occurs due to the fact that the bird eats a lot of grass and other plant foods. Also, diarrhea of a similar color occurs in chickens and in fright, due to the fact that the bird ate poor-quality food or was poisoned by poisonous herbs or other plants. If the stool is light green in color, then the chicken may have a cold.
If the feces are also frothy and slimy with blood streaks, then the chicken may suffer from pasteurellosis, as a result of which the birds die in large numbers, if measures for their treatment are not taken in time.
White chair
White diarrhea often indicates that domestic chicken lacks vitamins and minerals. If the stool is similar in its consistency to chalk, then this may be a sign of a viral or bacterial disease, in connection with which the chicken needs to be removed from its other counterparts. Diarrhea of this shade can be caused by paratyphoid, an acute leaking highly contagious disease transmitted by an aerogenous route.
Litter of this color may indicate that the bird has a parasitic disease, the digestive system malfunctioned in the body, and the chicken is infected with salmonellosis.
Possible complications and consequences
If the diarrhea of a domestic laying hen is not treated, then it may gradually stop laying eggs. Then she will have dehydration and exhaustion, which will lead to her death.
In the event that diarrhea is infectious, there may be a risk of losing all individuals, since such diseases quickly affect healthy chickens.
How to treat diarrhea in laying hens?
Veterinarians advise not to self-medicate, but to seek help from them. It is the doctor who will be able to establish the root cause of the intestinal disorder in laying hens and prescribe the optimal treatment regimen for it. Uncontrolled treatment or its absence can lead to serious health problems or death.
General guidelines for treating diarrhea in laying hens
In the event that stool problems develop due to poor feed, then the chicken diet should be changed. When a chicken eats a lot of plants, because of which it has green diarrhea, then you need to limit its presence on the street. When diarrhea arose against the background of overcooling of a laying hen, the chicken coop needs to be made warmer.
Chickens can also vilify due to gastritis. To cure it, they need to give hard-boiled egg yolks that interfere with hemp seeds. In addition, gastritis is treated with ash and activated charcoal.
In the event that the birds suffer from paratyphoid, they are treated with yogurt and other dairy products. Yellow stool in laying hens is treated with a solution of water and clay. You can also give them rice or oat broth, drink from chamomile or St. John's wort. From diarrhea, chickens are drunk with water mixed with a couple drops of wine, or a decoction of pomegranate peels.
In case of intestinal upset, the bird can also be given a solution of potassium permanganate or water into which sodium chloride is added.
You can find out about other well-known remedies for treating diarrhea in laying hens by watching the following video:
Treatment of diarrhea with drugs
When folk remedies are not able to cope with diarrhea in poultry, then she is prescribed medication, which consists of three stages:
- Reception antibacterial drugs within 3-5 days:
- Enrofloxacin or Ciprofloxacin (10 mg per 1 kg of chicken or chicken weight);
- Tetracycline, Biomycin, Doxycycline (10-20 mg to adults);
- Furazolidone (4-8 g per 10 kilograms of feed);
- Chloramphenicol, Floron (2-4 ml per liter of water);
- aqueous solutions (Dolink, Quinol, Trisulfone);
- Sulfadimezin, Etazole, Sulgin (0.1-0.2 g per head).
- Probiotics to normalize the microflora in the intestine:
- Monosporin;
- Acylact;
- Bifidumbacterin.
- Vitamins In the form of aqueous solutions are taken within 5-7 days. In the form of feed additives - within 7-14 days. Assign, often, such means:
- Vitaminol;
- Chiktonik;
- Aminovital.
Preventive measures
The appearance of diarrhea in laying hens can be avoided if the preventive measures proposed by the veterinarians are observed:
- Balanced nutrition, quality feed.
- Compliance with cleanliness in the chicken coop, frequent change of litter.
- Furazolidone or Terramycin can be added to food. For two weeks they are put in food, then they take a break of three days and again add two weeks.
- To increase the body’s resistance of poultry to viruses and bacteria, veterinarians advise Katozal to be mixed with water.
- In order for the laying process to be normal in laying hens, they need to be given chalk, vegetables and vitamins.
To avoid diarrhea in laying hens, farmers should pay attention to the choice of building materials for equipping the house. They must be non-toxic. Dishes from which poultry eats should not contain zinc or copper.
These measures significantly reduce the risk of developing diarrhea and its consequences in laying hens.
Diarrhea in poultry is a fairly common occurrence. You can start giving antibiotics to chickens without waiting for the arrival of a veterinarian, if the root cause of diarrhea is not nutrition. It is also important to make sure that the stool disorder is not caused by an infection, since in this case there is a high risk of infection of all chickens.
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