The amazing breed of chickens, Yurlovskie Vocal, is popular not only among professional poultry breeders, but also among amateurs. Birds created on the territory of Ancient Russia stand out among other chickens with their haughty appearance and sonorous persistent voice. Many farmers prefer these chickens due to their excellent production characteristics.
Origin story
Nobody knows the exact year of the creation of chickens, but scientists were able to find out that the Yurlovskaya vociferous were bred in Russia more than 2 hundred years ago. There is an opinion that this meat and egg breed was created by professionals in the black earth zone of the Russian Federation.
Let's analyze the names - Yurlovskaya is named after the village where, according to some assumptions, the breed was created - the village of Yurlovo, and they are vociferous because they have a clear voice. The crowing of roosters forced every passer-by on the territory of Russia to stop.
Historians suggest that the ancestors of the Yurlovskys vocal are chickens of local origin and heavy fighting chickens, also with an admixture of meat chickens. This crossing helped breeders to create large birds with a low timbre of voice.
To breed this breed, scientists stopped the choice not only on roosters with vocal abilities, but also looked at the massiveness of the body. Particularly appreciated was the strong rib cage - the area where most of the white meat is deposited.
Also, when crossing, attention was paid to late puberty. There is an opinion among the people that the longer the male develops, the better his voice will be. Because of this, males who start wailing at an early age were discarded. Poultry breeders sorted purebred roosters by timbre and duration of singing.
It is interesting that in the 19th century in Russia, rooster hunting, that is, a fight between two singing males, was very popular. Owners of birds gathered at the bazaar and evaluated the talents of their males. Prize-winning places were taken by those roosters who were able to stretch their chant for more than 18 quarters.
Description and characteristics of the breed Yurlovskaya vociferous
Yurlovski beauties and beauties differ significantly from their brothers, they are famous for their strong body and strong paws. They tend to be upright.
Appearance
The main features of the thoroughbred Yurlovsky vociferous:
- strong, slightly long body, positioned flat on strong legs;
- pronounced belly;
- the wings are pressed to the body;
- the neck is long;
- massive paws with long metatarsals;
- huge head and small beak;
- strong frontal bone, framed by eyebrows, giving the birds an unusual formidable appearance;
- bright red earlobes, pink crest;
- the shade of the eyes depends on the color of the plumage.
Nature gave people a large number of bird shades, most often black with gold spots and a silver back. Frequent feathery white and silver. The plumage of chickens is not particularly dense, so the owner can easily get to the skin of the birds. And the tail, on the contrary, is very lush and long, it stands out significantly against the background of the whole body of the chicken.
Yurlovskie vocal ones often take part in exhibitions, but for this the bird must be purebred and fully comply with the breed standard.
Unacceptable deviations in birds:
- white tint on the earlobes;
- small arches above the eyebrows;
- absence of folds in the lower part of the beak;
- straight back without slope towards the tail;
- the ridge is inclined;
- flesh-colored fingers.
Minor but still unacceptable defects:
- the presence of processes on the crest;
- raised crest;
- too wide tail;
- short neck and small paws;
- the presence of feathers on the face;
- the presence of a tuft on the back of the head.
In the video below, the breeder gives a detailed description of the Yurlovskaya Vocal chickens breed:
Character
The breeder must be prepared for impulsive individuals. They have an extremely complex disposition. The birds are very aggressive, pugnacious and quick-tempered. Layers and roosters do not accept newcomers into their family, they do not like to be in the same territory with other breeds of chickens. Yurlov's vociferous ones do not know how to negotiate, they solve all their problems with fights.
It is for these reasons that it is necessary to correctly approach the distribution of all family members, otherwise, in the future, injuries and losses cannot be done. The main feature of roosters is singing, they simply cannot restrain themselves. Every morning you will not wake up from an alarm clock, but from a beautiful and talkative rooster. His voice can be heard within a radius of up to 20 m.
Puberty and egg production
Previously, roosters were more appreciated if they matured late, because then their voice showed better and males turned out to be talented singers among their fellows. Due to genetic manipulation, the breed representatives mature late - at 8-9 months.
The reason for this delay is the large weight of the birds and the prolonged muscle formation. Egg production is not the lowest, and special attention should be paid not to the number of eggs, but to their weight - more than 70 g. For 1 year, a chicken can bring up to 160 pieces. With regard to meat productivity, the rooster reaches about 6-7 kg, and the laying hen - 2-2.5 kg less.
Incubation instinct
Despite the fact that the Yurlovskie vocal ones belong to purebred breeds, and not to crosses or hybrids, there is still one nuance in their maternal instinct. The brooding instinct is present in brood hens, but it is not fully manifested. A brood hen can sit on the nest for a long time, and then abruptly leave, so the breeder must keep an eye on the nests. In some cases, it is better to use an incubator.
Advantages and disadvantages
Representatives of the Yurlovskaya vociferous breed have, like other types, pros and cons, they must be taken into account when breeding birds.
Advantages of the chicken breed:
- average egg production and high meat productivity;
- excellent taste of products;
- big eggs;
- excellent fertility, survival and hatchability of chickens.
- strong immunity.
Disadvantages of the chicken breed:
- aggressiveness and anger of chicks;
- late puberty;
- the cellular cultivation method is unacceptable.
Growing and care conditions
Proper and regular grooming is essential for birds to produce enough eggs and to keep their meat tender and tasty. Feathered Yurlovskaya vociferous are not afraid of cold weather and cold, they can live in a chicken coop even without special heating. But according to poultry houses, birds are more productive in a heated chicken coop, it is recommended to maintain the temperature at +12 degrees Celsius.
Room requirements
Daylight hours should last about 12-14 hours. For this, special lamps are installed in the room. Also important is the absence of drafts and the presence of ventilation. Air circulation is essential because chicken droppings contain a small proportion of ammonia, which negatively affects the respiratory system of birds.
Due to the fact that the birds are large, it is necessary to equip a chicken coop of considerable area, about 0.5 sq. m.
Insects, pests and bacteria will start to grow in your chicken coop if the floor bed made of straw, hay or dried grass gets wet. It is regularly dried and changed. These coating materials are not bad because they absorb water well. The litter is taken out of the chicken coop twice a year.
The poultry house is a holy abode of birds, therefore the health and well-being of birds depends on its purity. Special attention is paid to drinkers and feeders, they are washed and cleaned at least once a day, otherwise the chickens may stop eating. Learn how to make a feeder yourself in this article.
If you need advice on how to make a chicken coop yourself, then this article is here.
Walking yard
Yurlovskie vociferous love to walk in the fresh air, they are large, so they construct a site appropriate. The birds are pugnacious and mischievous, so it is impossible not to fence off the site. It is better to use a net that will protect your garden from uninvited attacks of feathered guests.
The courtyard is being built on open ground so that the Yurlovskiye Vocalists can enjoy fresh greens without any problems. You can plant knotweed on the site in advance. There should be drinkers and feeders outside, each individual needs 0.1 m for food and 2.5 cm for water.
We recommend that you read the article on how to make your own drinkers for chickens and chickens.
It is better to choose containers of such a shape so that the birds cannot spill or spill anything from them. Containers are filled to a third, chalk, gravel, shells, salt and limestone are added to some.
Nutrition
A high egg production rate is achieved only with proper nutrition. Consider a competent menu for chickens and adult chickens:
- Chickens. For the first time they are fed after the fluff dries up and the chicks are transferred to the poultry house. The first dish is a boiled egg. After 3 days, young animals can be added to the diet with low-fat cottage cheese, cereals, maggots.
Active growth of young animals - 2-6 months. During this period, it is important to add to food not only products that increase mass, but also nutrients and vitamins. The main dish is compound feed. The diet should contain greens and vegetables, they help the digestive tract to better digest food. - Adult chickens. Poultry are not suitable for industrial breeding and for sale. They need a huge amount of food and their maintenance is not beneficial. The menu consists of cereals and cereals. Every day, males are given 150 g of these products, and chickens - 100 g.
In the winter season, herbal flour is added once a week. It is extremely important to add greens and vegetables to your food. In winter, the bird eats about 100 g of vegetables per day. Laying hens are required products with protein. This substance is abundant in maggots, fish and meat. You can give low-fat cottage cheese and yogurt.
To improve health and strengthen immunity, chalk and crushed shells are poured separately into the container. In the summer, birds eat a lot of greens, if there is no way to give them it in this form, then you can use dried grass.
Breeding
In order for the breeding of this breed to pay off, you must follow the basic recommendations:
- Distribute birds correctly among families. 1 male is needed for 12-20 layers. The number of young animals with an excellent voice depends on the age of the rooster and its sexual activity.
- To create offspring, it is not necessary to select the phenotype of birds - 50% of the young that are born will not inherit the shade of plumage of their parents.
- Choose males for breeding those who sing the longest and the timbre of the voice is more pleasant than that of other males. Singing qualities are preserved only when a rooster with a low timbre of voice is selected.
- The ideal “father” of young animals is the rooster that begins to sing a year after birth.
- Due to the large mass of males, cracks and plucked feathers may appear on the hens after crossing, in order to prevent this, put on special vests for "mating games" on the birds.
- Select eggs for the incubator no later than 5 days old, they should be medium in size, weighing more than 50 g, oval in shape with a shell without cracks and punctures.
- More than 15 eggs can be laid under 1 hen, the main thing is to place the nest in a warm, dark place, place a container for water and food next to it. Read here how to make your own chicken roost.
- If you are using an incubator, then consider all the technologies for working with it. Turn eggs over in time and moisturize them. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with the features of incubating chicken eggs at home.
- To keep the breed purebred, always update the livestock.
- Select layers over 2 kg and with excellent egg production to improve performance.
Even a novice poultry breeder can be engaged in breeding of chickens of the Yurlovskie vocal breed, the main thing is to follow the basic recommendations.
How to care for chickens:
- For the first 3 days, the temperature cannot be dropped below +28 degrees, ideally it should be +32 degrees Celsius. After 1 week, it can be lowered - every 7 days by 2 degrees, you should stop at the indicator +18.
- Monitor the feeding of the young, the availability of fresh water. The more chicks drink water, the faster they will grow and get stronger.
- Place food and water out in the open for chicks to reach. Also, make sure that there is enough food and water for each individual, otherwise the young will crush them harder.
Molting period
Molting is an ordinary natural phenomenon, you should not be afraid of it. The approximate duration of this process is 3 months. Egg-laying often stops during this period. To prevent birds from getting nervous, pulling out feathers from themselves or from other birds, they should be provided with a well-chosen high-calorie diet filled with vitamins and minerals.
Vocal layers and cockerels live for about 6 years, but they should not be kept longer than 2-3 years. Feeding the coughs is too expensive, so the old ones are immediately sent to slaughter, and the chicken coop is filled with already grown chickens. It is important to guess so that by this period the chicks can already lay eggs. Males can be used as a "father" for a new livestock, and after 1 year, sent to slaughter, because during this period he reaches the greatest weight.
Diseases
Representatives of this breed differ from other species in that they are born already with strong immunity. However, preventive measures will not be superfluous. Young animals are vaccinated in the first days after birth. Then, you should provide normal, complete hygienic care so that the chicks do not become infected with various pathogens.
Reviews of poultry farmers about the breed
Gregory, 34 years old, historian, Perm.A friend gave me 7 chickens of the Yurlovskaya vociferous breed. Now they are only 8 months old, but they already look massive and arrogant, straight giants. I also have grown-ups, so vociferous more than them. I am very pleased, I am waiting for when they finally start singing.
Stepan, 60 years old, retired, Astrakhan.My chickens sang for the first time after 8 months, the best males - by the year. Indeed, the later the voice appears, the better the male grows. From him the young grows stronger and more vociferous. When the rooster stopped singing (often by the beginning of summer), the chickens felt worse, egg production and fertility dropped. I get about 100 eggs from one layer per year, sometimes 140, but this is very rare. But the eggs are huge, weighing about 90 g.
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The people of the Yurlovski vocal chickens love and revered. Poultry farmers appreciate them not only for their unique sonorous voice, but also for their productivity, although it does not differ in high rates.