It is better to pick mushrooms in the Samara region in the suburbs or in the regions of the province. The mushroom places of the Samara region are diverse, which is explained by the peculiarities of the region's climate.
Mushrooms of the Samara region
Features of the region
Distinctive features of the Samara region are that it is a region of the Volga region, which is located on both sides of the river. In addition, there are many forests in the region. They make up about 13% of the total area.
The Samara region has a temperate humid climate. The increased humidity on the banks of the river has a good effect on the local vegetation. Also in the region there are cold (but not severe) winters and hot summers. The forest area is represented by deciduous and coniferous, and mixed types of plantations. There are many ravines and meadows near the river. That is why mushrooms grow in abundance in the Samara region.
Edible mushrooms
This category includes both representatives of the edible and conditionally edible categories. The latter are harmless to humans, but mushroom pickers rarely collect them - when it's better to find nothing. Novice lovers of "quiet hunting" should refrain from this, because edible species have many poisonous counterparts. Before eating, they are subjected to prolonged soaking.
The mushrooms are placed in cold water for several days. It is replaced with a new one a couple of times a day. They are suitable for preparing snacks and rolling for the winter, but when cooking it is important to consider that when fried, their taste is low.
Such edible mushrooms are collected in the Samara region:
- Aspen mushrooms.
- Boletus.
- Butterlets.
- Honey mushrooms.
- Chanterelles.
- White mushrooms.
- Russula.
- Waves.
- Pigs.
- Champignons.
- Oyster mushrooms.
Conditionally edible mushrooms found in Samara are:
- Valuy.
- Milk mushrooms.
- Rows.
The ratio of the above species will be different every season - it all depends on the weather conditions. Boletus, honey mushrooms, boletus, boletus, oyster mushrooms are considered common. They grow mainly in deciduous forests, of which there are many in Samara.
Less common are white, champignons, volnushki. And mushroom places in the Samara region are distinguished by the fact that valuable and rare species of mushrooms can be collected there.
Valuable species of mushrooms in Samara
Rare types of mushrooms can be found in the forests of Samara
Even in the regions of Russia during the "quiet hunt" they find delicious representatives of the species of mushrooms. Novice mushroom pickers can try their hand at real hunting for valuable species if they know the name and description of the delicacies.
Truffle
In the forests of the Samara region, mushroom pickers even collect truffles. It is rare because it is picky about the soil. It grows under oak, willow, cherry, hazelnut, poplar and linden. Finding a truffle is not easy: it is an underground inhabitant.
It feeds on receiving nutrients from the tree, with whose roots the truffle forms mycorrhiza. Has an excellent taste and pronounced smell. It looks like a tuber of a plant with a rounded, uneven shape. Truffles are considered a delicacy and are therefore expensive on the market.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
During its growth and development, the mycelium of a truffle gives rise to several fruiting bodies - usually 3-7. Fruiting bodies are of different sizes and are arranged in a circle, forming a formation, which truffle collectors call a "nest". As truffles develop over a long period of time in the same place, the nests gradually increase in size. Experienced truffle gatherers keep the location of the "truffle nests" (nests) a secret and come there for the harvest year after year. The collected mushrooms can significantly replenish the family's budget.
It is important to distinguish the edible gourmet fruit from the poisonous counterparts:
- Reindeer truffle.
- False truffle.
Reindeer truffle causes mild food poisoning, and false truffle leads to severe intoxication.
Morel
After the first thaws in spring, mushroom pickers rush to collect morels. This mushroom is extremely unusual in appearance. He has a conical, as it were, a porous cap (the same in the section). But in fact, it is a formation that has cells at the bottom of which spores develop. The leg and the cap are clearly delimited from each other, despite the fact that the edges of the cap grow together with the stem. It grows in small groups on the slopes of ravines. It is necessary to be vigilant when buying them - they often sell lines under their guise. It is conditionally edible, but dangerous due to toxins. Outwardly, it differs from the line in which the hat resembles a sheet of crumpled paper or the surface of a walnut kernel or the human brain.
Ezhovik
Among the rare mushrooms, the blackberry (blackberry) stands out. There are three types of mushroom spots in the Samara region:
- hedgehog orange.
- e. coral.
- e. notched.
Blackberry is a conditionally edible mushroom, so it should be specially processed before consumption.
When and what mushrooms to pick
It is generally believed that the mushroom season begins in the fall. But this is not so: mushrooms are harvested at all seasons. Some mushroom pickers find them even in winter.
Young mushrooms are delicious
Some species bear fruit for a long time, while some have a development period of a couple of days. Do not confuse the real and the "mushroom" calendar. Autumn begins at the fruiting bodies of mushrooms from mid-August and lasts until the end of October. Mushrooms grow in the Samara region during the following periods:
- Spring: after the snow melts and the first warming, they begin to "hunt" for rare morels and lines. It will be possible to collect them in May. Also this month they find May mushroom, some types of ryadovki, and rarely champignons.
- Summer: in this season of the year, fruit bodies are harvested in pine forests or mixed forests. Boletus and russula are found there.
- Fall: they collect mushrooms in coniferous forests, deciduous and glades. Most of the known edible mushrooms bear fruit.
- Winter (from October to the first snow): some mushroom pickers go for late mushrooms. They are no less tasty than autumn ones.
Young mushrooms are considered less dangerous, since their bodies have not yet had time to accumulate in themselves a "critical" level of dangerous compounds. They are the tastiest. Old fruiting bodies are hard and bitter. They are processed and consumed immediately. At the beginning of the mushroom season, the poisonous counterparts of the edible species are the first to appear. Therefore, you should not run into the forest after the first rains at the end of summer.
Inedible mushrooms
They often look like counterparts to the edibles. It is worth remembering a few rules in order to be able to distinguish between them. The most important of them says: "Never take a mushroom whose species cannot be identified." Mushroom poisoning is even life-threatening. Poisonous mushrooms of the Samara region:
- False Foam.
- Russula are emetic.
- Alder moth.
- Silverfish comb.
- Pale toadstools.
- Amanita: red, gray, smelly, panther.
- Bordered gallery.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
As regrettable as it may be, but most often the pale toadstool is confused with the green russula. But young toadstools are very similar to champignons. So how do you tell the difference between a poisonous mushroom? To do this, pay attention to the following features:
- Hymenophore plates (on the underside of the cap): the toadstool is always white, regardless of the age of the fruiting body of the fungus.
- Leg: the toadstool has a distinct tuberous thickening at its base, which is covered by a filmy envelope in the form of a pouch - a volva, i.e. the remainder of the common veil in which the young fruiting body developed. There is a “skirt” ring under the head - a remnant of a private veil that protected developing spores.
By the way. Do not pick small mushrooms growing separately. Their “young” age does not allow us to determine exactly what it is - champignon or toadstool.
Also, edible mushrooms are classified as poisonous if they grow near roads, chemical plants, factories, private houses. They accumulate toxins from the external environment in bodies and cause poisoning. Therefore, it is important to travel to remote locations or the nearest sparsely populated suburb.
Map of mushroom places in the Samara region
The map of mushroom places in the Samara region is extensive. It is better to go for mushrooms to places remote from the city and to a nearby suburb, where the ecological situation is favorable. If you are going on a long journey, you should plan mushroom picking only during daylight hours. There are many fans of "quiet hunting" in Samara. In the autumn, they get to a thematic meeting.
Nearest suburb
It is not worth picking fruits in the city of Samara. Safe species are found in the suburbs:
- Forest near the Mekhzavod. Whites and mushrooms grow there. Buses run to the destination.
- For oyster mushrooms and mushrooms they go to Novosemeikino. Train and minibus go there.
- Milk mushrooms are collected in the village of Kurumoch.
- The village of Administrative is rich in boletus.
- You will have to get to the village of Shiryaevo by river boat for honey mushrooms and boletus.
- Morels are looking for in the village of Malaya Malyshevka.
Mobile communication does not work in many places in the forest. Therefore, when going to pick mushrooms, you must always warn your relatives about the location, take water, food, clothes, a flashlight, matches with you. A map of the area with a compass will not be superfluous. It is better not to go too deep into the forest at dusk.
In nature reserves and protected forests, beware of wild animals. Wild boars are often found in the forests of Samara.
In pursuit of Gruzdy! Silent Hunt 2019, Exploration! Milk mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, russulas.
Mushrooms of the Samara region, Vintai, September 2016
Places far from the city
You will have to get there by train or electric trains to the terminal stations. But there are many mushrooms in the forests. It is forbidden to pick mushrooms in protected areas. And you cannot enter the territory of the sanatorium by car - there are barrage blocks. Therefore, you need to be prepared for a walk.
Mushroom areas of the region:
- Sergievsky.
- Bogatovsky.
- Borsky.
- Shigonskiy (look for the Volzhskiy Upt sanatorium).
- Syzransky.
- Stavropol.
- Alekseevsky.
- Krasnoyarsk.
- Kamyshlinsky.
- Elkhovsky.
In the Zhiguli mountains, porcini mushrooms, boletus, honey agarics are collected. National parks and reserves are famous gathering places. So, in the national park "Samarskaya Luka" in different villages they collect milk mushrooms, volushkas, champignons, oyster mushrooms, whites and champignons.
These species are sought in such villages of the reserve as Podgory, Zolnoye, Usolye, Yablonevy ravine, Bolshaya Ryazan, Pine Solonets.
Conclusion
The map of mushroom places in the Samara region is large. They travel to the suburbs and to remote areas. Most often, mushroom pickers find boletus, honey mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, russula, boletus, aspen mushrooms. Less common are truffles and morels. One should beware of the poisonous counterparts of edible fruit bodies and observe safety rules in the forest. Better not to neglect to re-revise the harvested mushrooms at home.